Mapping
Video mapping is a projection technology used to turn irregularly shaped objects into a display surface for projection. Using specialized software, a two or three dimensional object is spatially mapped out in a virtual environment. Using this information, the software can interact with a projector to fit any desired image onto the surface of that object. Using this technique, artists can add extra dimensions, optical illusions, and notions of movement onto previously static objects. The video is commonly combined with, or triggered by, audio to create an audio-visual narrative.
Video mapping first gained notoriety through guerilla advertising campaigns and video jockeys for electronic musicians. These advertising campaigns commonly used mapping techniques to project interactive scenes onto the sides of buildings. Common techniques for these performances included both 3-D mapping techniques and 3D projection to create the illusion of depth. In the electronic dance music community, it is becoming increasingly common for VJs to accompany the music with synced visuals. Though normal projection screens are commonly used, some visual artists are beginning to create custom made, 3D installations to project onto.
After the object is chosen or created, a virtual replica of the entire physical set up needs to be created. A virtual model of the projection surface is created, and placed within a virtual environment. Coordinates need to be defined for where the object is placed in relation to the projector. Finally, the xyz orientation, position and lens specification of the projector are adding to the virtual scene. Adjustments are commonly needed by manually tweaking either the physical or virtual scene for best results. Software such as vvvv, Madmapper by Modul8, Resolume4 or media servers like Photon, Watchout, Pandoras Box can be used for video mapping.
